博客详情

2018-09-27

3947

原创

一、简介

在分布式系统中，由于服务数量巨多，为了方便服务配置文件统一管理，实时更新，所以需要分布式配置中心组件。在Spring Cloud中，有分布式配置中心组件spring cloud config ，它支持配置服务放在配置服务的内存中（即本地），也支持放在远程Git仓库中。在spring cloud config 组件中，分两个角色，一是config server，二是config client。

二、构建Config Server

1. 父级工程

父maven工程省略，父pom文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
		 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.gf</groupId>
	<artifactId>chapter06</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>pom</packaging>

	<name>chapter06</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<modules>
		<module>config-server</module>
		<module>config-client</module>
	</modules>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

2. 创建 config-server

创建一个spring-boot项目，取名为config-server,其pom.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.gf</groupId>
	<artifactId>config-server</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>config-server</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.gf</groupId>
		<artifactId>chapter06</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>


</project>

3. 主启动类 ConfigServerApplication

在程序的入口Application类加上@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务器的功能，代码如下：

package com.gf;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
	}
}

4. application.yml

#spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri：配置git仓库地址
#spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths：配置仓库路径
#spring.cloud.config.label：配置仓库的分支
#spring.cloud.config.server.git.username：访问git仓库的用户名
#spring.cloud.config.server.git.password：访问git仓库的用户密码

spring:
  application:
    name: config-server
  cloud:
    config:
      server:
        git:
          uri: https://github.com/gf-huanchupk/SpringCloudLearning/
          search-paths: respo
          username:
          password:
      label: master
server:
  port: 8888

如果Git仓库为公开仓库，可以不填写用户名和密码，如果是私有仓库需要填写，本例子是公开仓库，放心使用。
远程仓库https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/respo 中有4个文件：

config-server.yml
config-server-dev.yml
config-server-prod.yml
config-server-test.yml

启动程序：访问http://localhost:8888/config-client/test/master

{
  "name": "config-server",
  "profiles": [
    "test"
  ],
  "label": "master",
  "version": "906df28472293c91d6b7223274bfc3e772a7027b",
  "state": null,
  "propertySources": [
    {
      "name": "https://github.com/gf-huanchupk/SpringCloudLearning//respo/config-server-test.yml",
      "source": {
        "foo": "test",
        "democonfigclient.message": "hello spring io"
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "https://github.com/gf-huanchupk/SpringCloudLearning//respo/config-server.yml",
      "source": {
        "foo": "main",
        "democonfigclient.message": "hello spring io"
      }
    }
  ]
}

http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:

/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{application}-{profile}.properties
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties

三、构建一个config client

1. 创建 config-client

重新创建一个springboot项目，取名为config-client,其pom文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.gf</groupId>
	<artifactId>config-client</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>config-client</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.gf</groupId>
		<artifactId>chapter06</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>


</project>

2. bootstrap.yml

application.yml 改名为 bootstrap.yml

#spring.application.name 这里的name对应了配置文件中的application部分
#spring.cloud.config.label 指明远程仓库的分支
#spring.cloud.config.profile 
#  dev开发环境配置文件
#  test测试环境
#  pro正式环境
#spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服务中心的网址。

spring:
  application:
    name: config-client
  cloud:
    config:
      label: master
      profile: dev
      uri: http://localhost:8888/
server:
  port: 8881

3. 主程序启动类 ConfigClientApplication

程序的入口类，写一个API接口 " /hi "，返回从配置中心读取的foo变量的值，代码如下：

package com.gf;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class ConfigClientApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Value("${foo}")
	String foo;

	@GetMapping("/hi")
	public String hi() {
		return foo;
	}

}

打开网址访问：http://localhost:8881/hi，网页显示：

dev

这就说明，config-client 从 config-server获取了 foo 的属性，而 config-server 是从git仓库读取的,如图：
![](http://image.itwolfed.com/springcloud-6/Spring Cloud Config.png)

源码下载：https://github.com/gf-huanchupk/SpringCloudLearning

springcloud

作者：程序员果果

发表时间：2018-09-27 12:46

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第六篇 : 分布式配置中心（Spring Cloud Config）